[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.certnakoze.cz\/nejdulezitejsi-pojmy-z-oblasti-ekonomie\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.certnakoze.cz\/nejdulezitejsi-pojmy-z-oblasti-ekonomie\/","headline":"Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pojmy z oblasti ekonomie","name":"Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pojmy z oblasti ekonomie","description":"V\u00edte, jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi ekonomi\u00ed a ekonomikou, spot\u0159ebn\u00edmi a kapit\u00e1lov\u00fdmi statky \u010di makroekonomi\u00ed a mikroekonomi\u00ed? Dok\u00e1\u017eete \u0159\u00edct, co znamenaj\u00ed pojmy jako voln\u00fd statek, redistribuce […]","datePublished":"2017-01-29","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.certnakoze.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.certnakoze.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/40308b9402d145b1dc164f447b6506e9dadca8c8362c3ffb52df95e789c0fd10?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/40308b9402d145b1dc164f447b6506e9dadca8c8362c3ffb52df95e789c0fd10?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"certnakoze.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"url":"https:\/\/www.certnakoze.cz\/nejdulezitejsi-pojmy-z-oblasti-ekonomie\/","about":["Web"],"wordCount":392,"articleBody":"V\u00edte, jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi ekonomi\u00ed a ekonomikou, spot\u0159ebn\u00edmi a kapit\u00e1lov\u00fdmi statky \u010di makroekonomi\u00ed a mikroekonomi\u00ed? Dok\u00e1\u017eete \u0159\u00edct, co znamenaj\u00ed pojmy jako voln\u00fd statek, redistribuce apod.? Pokud si nejste jist\u00ed, p\u0159ijde v\u00e1m vhod slovn\u00ed\u010dek z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pojm\u016f z\u00a0oblasti ekonomie.Ekonomika a ekonomie nen\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017eEkonomika ozna\u010duje tzv. ekonomickou praxi, tedy hospod\u00e1\u0159skou \u010dinnost jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u00ed. \u0158ad\u00ed se zde nap\u0159\u00edklad zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, pr\u016fmysl i slu\u017eby. V\u00a0porovn\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0n\u00ed je ekonomie pouhou teori\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u0161ak stav\u00ed pro ekonomiku z\u00e1klad. Ekonomie je v\u011bda, kter\u00e1 zkoum\u00e1, jak jednotliv\u00e9 zem\u011b hospoda\u0159\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi statky, jak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed produkt\u016f apod.Mal\u00fd vs. velk\u00fd? Co znamen\u00e1 mikro a makroekonomie?\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mikroekonomie zkoum\u00e1 \u010dinnosti jednotlivc\u016f a konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch subjekt\u016f. T\u00edm m\u00e1me na mysli subjekty jako banky, firmy, ale zaj\u00edm\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 o chov\u00e1n\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u016f, tedy dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Makroekonomie sleduje ekonomiku jako celek. Zaj\u00edm\u00e1 se o probl\u00e9my nezam\u011bstnanosti a inflace. Zkoum\u00e1 tedy ekonomii st\u00e1tu a hrub\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkt.Jak\u00e9 m\u00e1me pot\u0159eby?Pot\u0159eba ozna\u010duje stav, kdy jedinec poci\u0165uje nedostatek hmotn\u00e9ho \u010di nehmotn\u00e9ho. Mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 pot\u0159eby pat\u0159\u00ed \u010dinnosti jako pit\u00ed, j\u00eddlo, z\u00e1bava a sp\u00e1nek. Jedinec v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee poci\u0165ovat tak\u00e9 nedostatek pen\u011bz \u010di l\u00e1sky. Rozli\u0161ujeme pot\u0159eby jednotlivce a pot\u0159eby skupiny lid\u00ed, tzv. individu\u00e1ln\u00ed a kolektivn\u00ed pot\u0159eby. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed charakteristiky pat\u0159\u00ed vrozen\u00e9 a z\u00edskan\u00e9, \u010di nezbytn\u00e9 a zbytn\u00e9 pot\u0159eby.Dal\u0161\u00ed pojmy, kter\u00e9 byste m\u011bli zn\u00e1t\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Statky \u2013 p\u0159edm\u011bty a objekty, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed k\u00a0uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159eb. Rozli\u0161ujeme n\u011bkolik druh\u016f statk\u016f dle mnoha kategori\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad statky hmotn\u00e9 a nehmotn\u00e9, \u010di spot\u0159ebn\u00ed statky, kam se \u0159ad\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad potraviny. Naopak kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 statky jsou ur\u010deny k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrob\u011b. Statky, kter\u00e9 byly vyrobeny naz\u00fdv\u00e1me v\u00fdrobky. Naproti nim stoj\u00ed voln\u00e9 statky. Takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 nepodl\u00e9haj\u00ed v\u00fdrob\u011b a bereme je \u010dist\u00e9 z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrody.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Redistribuce \u2013 tento pojem pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 proces z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159edky formou dan\u00ed. St\u00e1t z\u00a0nich posl\u00e9ze vypl\u00e1c\u00ed d\u016fchody a d\u00e1le z\u00a0nich financuje st\u00e1tn\u00ed podniky (doprava, vojsko aj.).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4\/5 - (3 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pojmy z oblasti ekonomie","item":"https:\/\/www.certnakoze.cz\/nejdulezitejsi-pojmy-z-oblasti-ekonomie\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]